From In Situ to Ex Situ: How Modular Skid Systems Support Faster PFAS Remediation in Wisconsin

PFAS contamination continues to present complex challenges for municipalities, remediation contractors, and environmental engineers across Wisconsin.

While funding and awareness continue to grow, the success of remediation projects often comes down to execution — specifically, how quickly and effectively treatment systems can be deployed. Understanding the difference between in situ and ex situ treatment approaches is a key part of that process.

In situ treatment focuses on addressing contamination directly within the soil or aquifer, without excavation. This approach is often preferred for minimizing site disruption and reducing overall project cost.

Ex situ treatment, on the other hand, involves removing contaminated soil or groundwater for above-ground processing. This method is often paired with technologies such as granular activated carbon (GAC) to adsorb PFAS compounds before treated water is discharged or reused.

Both approaches have their place. The challenge is implementing them efficiently in real-world conditions.

That is where modular remediation skid systems provide a clear advantage.

Crane Engineering, through its OptiFlow division, designs and builds custom skid systems that help bridge the gap between engineering plans and field-ready infrastructure.

Why Modular Systems Matter

Traditional infrastructure builds can slow projects down due to extended installation timelines and complex field assembly. 

Modular skid systems offer a faster path forward by providing:

• pre-engineered, pre-assembled systems
• reduced installation time
• simplified startup and commissioning
• scalable configurations for evolving site needs

Mobility and Remote Deployment

One of the biggest advantages of modular skid systems in PFAS remediation is mobility.

Many contaminated sites — particularly those tied to historical land application or field spreading practices — are located in remote or difficult-to-access areas.

OptiFlow systems are designed to be:

• easily transported and redeployed from site to site
• capable of operating in remote environments
• adaptable as remediation strategies evolve

This flexibility allows contractors and municipalities to maximize equipment utilization across multiple projects.

Designed for Real-World Applications

Every PFAS site is different.

Flow rates, site access, regulatory requirements, and treatment methods all influence system design.

OptiFlow skid systems support a wide range of applications, including:

• vapor extraction systems
• vacuum-assisted transfer
• in situ chemical dosing
• ex situ treatment with GAC integration
• groundwater handling and process support

The Advantage of Local Expertise

With more than 87 years serving Wisconsin industries, Crane Engineering brings deep experience in fluid process systems and regional environmental challenges.

Local expertise means:

• better understanding of regulatory expectations
• faster response and support
• reduced project risk

For engineering firms and remediation contractors, this translates to smoother project execution.

For municipalities, it builds confidence that systems will perform as expected.

As PFAS remediation efforts continue to expand, having a partner that understands both the technology and the local landscape can make all the difference.